Mohamad Dildar

Sheikh Khalifa Specialty Hospital, United Arab Emirates

Title: Spotting the Silent Alarm: Early Signs and Monitoring of Cardiogenic Shock

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Biography

Mohamad Dildar is a skilled cardiovascular nurse with over 9 years of experience in interventional cardiology. He holds a Master’s in Medical-Surgical Nursing (Cardiovascular Thoracic) and serves as Charge Nurse at Sheikh Khalifa Specialty Hospital. Certified in TAVI valve preparation, he is part of the Chest Pain Committee and the AHA-accredited Chest Pain Center, contributing to STEMI care, AMICS, and mechanical circulatory support. Mohamad is also dedicated to nursing education, mentoring staff and leading sessions on critical cardiac care topics.

Abstract

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a life-threatening state of low cardiac output resulting in end-organ hypoperfusion, often following acute myocardial infarction. Despite advancements in therapy, CS continues to carry high mortality. Early identification of subtle signs—such as mild confusion, low urine output, or elevated lactate—is crucial for timely intervention. This presentation explores the clinical definition, classifications, and diverse presentations of CS, including “cold and wet,” “dry and cold,” and “wet and warm” phenotypes. Two case scenarios will be examined to understand deterioration patterns and the application of SCAI shock staging. The session also highlights nursing priorities in initial response, monitoring, medication support, and interdisciplinary communication. Emphasis is placed on empowering nurses to recognize and respond to the "silent alarm" before full shock sets in.

Learning Objectives:

By the end of the presentation the participants will be able to:

• Define cardiogenic shock and explain its primary causes and clinical implications.

• Recognize early clinical indicators of cardiogenic shock using the SCAI classification.

• Interpret key diagnostic signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock

• Describe the immediate nursing management used in early-stage CS.

• Outline the interdisciplinary approach and future directions in the management of CS including mechanical support options.

• Review and interpret clinical scenarios illustrating progression and management of cardiogenic shock.